
Hundreds of thousands, and potentially more than one million, people have been caught up in China's "re-education camps" over the last year.
The camps, which operate outside the courts, are designed to indoctrinate ethnic minority Uighurs and force them to reject their religious beliefs.
Bids for constructing or renovating these centers, as well as staff job ads, provide clear evidence of the purpose and scale of these re-education programs.
Uighurs face constant surveillance in Xinjiang, which experts consider a testing ground for the a wider surveillance state.
In the northwest Chinese region of Xinjiang, many locals read endlessly, write often, and sing loudly.
But not by choice.
In extrajudicial indoctrination camps around Xinjiang, ethnic Uighur men and women are forced to study Chinese history, write personal reflections, and sing songs like "Without the Communist Party, there is no New China." Many are beaten, tortured, and are unable to go home.